Linux Server Setup with CentOS 4.3
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Operating System Installation: CentOS 5.2
- For setup instructions under CentOS 5.2, see Linux Server Setup with CentOS 5.2
Introduction
We chose to use CentOS 4.3 as our Linux software. It has the same versions of install packages supported by Oracle as Red Hat EL3, however it is free. You may choose to use another Linux flavor, although we strongly recommend using a version that is supported by Oracle. If you are using or going to use another flavor of Linux please do not skip reading the CentOS installation as it contains configurations needed to run Oracle properly. However, you may have to adjust these configurations changes for your version. We will go through the installation and configuration of CentOS and Oracle now.
CentOS 4.3 Installation
Install CentOS 4.3 -- You may want to tweak what does and does not get installed for each catagory.
X Window System GNOME Desktop Environment Editors Graphical Internet Text-based Internet Server Configuration Tools Development Tools Administration Tools System Tools
I've found it may not be necessary to install packages from GNOME and Graphical Internet, but if you have plenty of hdd space go ahead.
Set Kernel Parameters Modify the /etc/sysctl.conf file to include the lines appropriate to your operating system:
# Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and CentOS 4.x kernel.shmmax = 536870912 ! This number should equal 1/2 of the physical RAM in the machine. kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 2097152 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=262144 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144
Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters: /sbin/sysctl -p
Disable secure linux by editing the /etc/selinux/config file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows: SELINUX=disabled Alternatively, this alteration can be done using the GUI tool (Applications > System Settings > Security Level). Click on the SELinux tab and disable the feature.
Setup -- I did a custom setup and didn't install gnome so I'm missing a few things. I just used 'yum install ......' to add missing packages. The documentation states that the following packages are required by the relevant operating systems:
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and CentOS 4.x
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13 compat-db-4.1.25-9 -- not installed with default CentOS installation compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2 control-center-2.8.0-12 -- not installed with default CentOS installation gcc-3.4.3-22.1 glibc-2.3.4-2.9 glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9 gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1 -- not installed with default CentOS installation libaio-0.3.96 -- not installed with default CentOS installation libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1 libstdc++devel-3.4.3-22.1 make-3.79 openmotif21-2.1.30-11 -- not installed with default CentOS installation -- NOT SURE IF NEEDED by ORACLE. pdksh-5.2.14-30 setarch-1.6-1 sysstat-5.0.5-1 -- not installed with default CentOS installation -- IS NOT NEEDED by ORACLE xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2 -- IS NOT NEEDED by ORACLE
Create the new groups and users:
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /opt/oracle -m -s /bin/bash oracle passwd oracle
Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the .profile (or .bash_profile) file:
# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=hedb; export ORACLE_SID PATH=.:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/dcm/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/opmn/bin; export PATH PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin; export PATH
# set -o emacs set -o vi set filec
Perforce Client Setup
We keep our schemas and scripts in perforce. If your company does not use perforce for this purpose then you can skip this section.
Download the latest p4 client for Linux.
You'll need to determine which one best fits your system http://www.perforce.com/perforce/loadprog.html.
For us we're using the Linux client 2.6 kernel for x86 CPU http://www.perforce.com/perforce/downloads/linux26x86.html.
It is customary to put 3rd party, non-daemon/server, applications into /usr/local/bin.
Make sure the permissions are correct, I've found it's necessary to run 'chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/p4'.
Finally you'll want to setup the client spec, but that's beyond the scope of this document.
Directions for Oracle Installation
If you are installing from the server open up a terminal and start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI). If you're SSHed into the computer make sure you're have XForwarding enabled and you use the '-X' switch when connecting.
ssh -X oracle@your_server
Now run the Oracle Installer by issuing the following command in the installation software directory:
As of this writing I use an nfs mount from depot - Most users will install from the CDROM. 'mount -t nfs depot:/opt/10g_r2 /mnt' /mnt/database/runInstaller
You should get a screen similar to the one below with the settings:
Oracle Home Location: /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0 Installation Type: Standard Edition UNIX DBA Group: oinstall Uncheck 'Create Starter Database' Next
If everything is going well you will see a screen similar to the one below with the following settings:
Use the default /opt/oracle/oraInventory for the inventory directory Use the default oinstall for Operating System group name Next
Oracle will now do it's "Pre-flight" check to make sure everything is as it should be before it starts intalling all of the files. You'll notice an error on this screen capture that I didn't have a large enough swap partition. Always remember your swap partition should be 1.5x-2x the amount of RAM you have installed. Since I'm just documentating how to do a basically Oracle 10Gr2 installation we'll continue on.
Click Next to continue.
Oracle will present a 'Summary' screen detailing everything which is going to be installed. If you're happy with everything click 'Install' to continue
Oracle will do it's thing and install all the necessary software.
Once it's finished a window will pop up instructing you to run two commands AS ROOT.
Open up an other SSH windows or terminal window as root or become root (su -). Run the scripts Return to the window and click "OK" to continue
If you've gotten this far, congratulations you've completed a basic installation of Oracle. BUT WE'RE NOT DONE! Now we need to install the patches and updates.
Install your patch/update media or if you've done a few installations like me you have them available on a convienent nfs share. cd into the patch/update location and run the installer (./runInstaller). Once the Welcome screen loads click 'Next' to continue:
The next screen will ask you to verify the name and location of the installed version of Oracle. If you're satisfied click 'Next' to continue.
Next you will see the Summary screen. This details what will be patched/updated. Click 'Install' to continue:
The installation of the updates/patches will begin. You'll see it progress along towards 100%.
As the update progresses near 100% a window will pop up requesting you to run a script as root:
Open up an other SSH windows or terminal window as root or become root (su -). Run the scripts -- you'll be prompted to answer a few questions. The defaults are fine. Since this an update you may already have the correct values and you can choose 'n' to not over write you're current values.
Return to the window and click "OK" to continue
You will now see the "End of Installation' screen. Click 'Exit' to finish. A window will pop-up asking you to confirm you're done, click 'Yes' to REALLY finish.
Now we need to apply some one-off patches. Ensure that all Oracle software is shutdown.
First, apply the patch for the wrong_schema_bug:
change directory to the directory where the patch is located: % cd 5458753
Apply the patch:
% /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/OPatch/opatch apply
When asked if you want to proceed, enter Y
Next, apply the patch for the DST changes:
change directory to the directory where the patch is located: % cd 5632264
Apply the patch:
% /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/OPatch/opatch apply
When asked if you want to proceed, enter Y
And last, apply the patch for the JVM_DST changes:
change directory to the directory where the patch is located: % cd 5458753
Follow the instructions in the README.txt file.
This completes the Oracle install.
Note: It is strongly suggested to add Oracle to the startup script.
Next step
Now we are ready to move on to the Database Schemas setup. For information on how to setup an initial schema, see:
